Öz
Endonezya’da çocuk ölüm oranı, gelişmiş ülkelerdeki çocuk ölüm oranına kıyasla hala yüksektir. Çocuk ölüm oranını düşürmeye yönelik çalışmalar ailelerin sağlık riskleri konusundaki farkındalığını artırmaya, kaliteli sağlık hizmetlerine erişimi geliştirmeye ve çocuk sağlığının sosyal ve çevresel belirleyicilerini ele almaya odaklanmalıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Endonezya’da kritik durumda olan çocukların sorunlarını tanımlamak ve böylece Endonezya’nın çocuk ölüm oranını düşürmeye yönelik çalışmalar yapabilmesini sağlamaktır. PubMed, Cochrane ve Embase veri tabanları, belirli arama terminolojileri kullanılarak titizlikle incelendi. Çalışmaya Endonezya’daki kritik durumdaki çocukların sorunlarını anlatan İngilizce ve Endonezce dillerinde yazılmış orijinal makaleler, meta-analizler ve sistematik incelemeler seçildi. Bu makalelerin bazılarının ilgili referansları da dahil edildi. Endonezya’da yoğun bakım ünitelerinde tedavi gören çocukların yüksek ölüm oranı sorunu, sadece çocuk yoğun bakım ünitesi (ÇYBÜ) kapasitesinin sınırlı olması, ekipman yetersizliği ve niteliksiz kaynaklardan kaynaklanmamaktadır. Bununla birlikte, ailesel faktörler, sosyo-ekonomik faktörler, toplum kültürü, sevk sistemleri, sağlık çalışanlarının bilgisi ve hem birincil hem de ikincil düzeydeki sağlık tesisleri gibi çeşitli altta yatan faktörlerin belirlenmesi gerekmektedir. Hastane ortamını etkileyen dış faktörlerin sevk sistemi üzerindeki etkilerinin nadiren değerlendirilmesi veya hiç değerlendirilmemesi önemli bir sorundur. Çünkü bu durum kritik durumdaki çocuk hastaların tedaviye geç kalmamalarını sağlamak için çok önemlidir. Endonezya’da kritik durumda olan çocukların yüksek ölüm oranı ebeveynlerin pediyatrik acil durumlar konusundaki farkındalığı, sosyo-kültürel ve aile ekonomisi, toplum, birinci basamak sağlık hizmetleri sağlayıcılarının acil durumları tespit etme ve ilk yardım sağlama becerisi, sevk sistemi iletişimi ve ÇYBÜ’de yatak ve tesislerin mevcudiyeti gibi birçok faktörden etkilenmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Kritik durum, çocuklar, Endonezya
Kaynakça
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